Multiprocessor; Multiprocessing operating systems are those which run on a machine containing more than one CPU in order to execute programs. This divides program execution on several processors. Now a day such systems are becoming more common. Multiprocessing helps to maintain the burden over a single processor by splitting program over a number of processor.
The most common multiprocessing operating system is Windows NT, UNIX, etc
Distributed Computer Systems; Distributed system consists of multiple computers that communicate through a computer network. The computers communicate each other in order to achieve a common goal. In this system, a job or a task is divided among the shared computers and part of which is solved by each computer user. A distributed system has a common goal, such as solving a large problem.
Usually distributed computer system deal about multiple computers co-operating in order to share resources.
Networked and Client-Server Operating System;
This kind of system creates an environment in which intercommunication between various elements of a computer is possible. This can be done by making a network of computers in which some acts as server that processes a request and other works as client that makes a request. This kind of operating system enables to establish a connection or communicating between different computers and helps in sharing of peripherals.
The server makes a look at the clients and their access to the devices. This is done as network operating system operates the network work. So these kinds of system are in great use in almost every sectorSome examples of such OS are Windows NT OS, Windows server 2003, etc
Multi tasking and Real Time; Multi tasking is a system that allows user to execute two or more tasks at the same time. It does this by dividing system resources amongst these tasks/jobs/processes and switching between the tasks/jobs/processes while they are executing very fast over and over again.
Real time environment refers to a mode of operations in which computer responds to the input and processes the input quickly in order to have immediate influence in the input.
Multi-access and time sharing; In this type two users can access a same computer at same time. This system is also referred as multi-user system which itself defines that more than one user can access the computer. Multiple users can access to same computer and same data in the same time. This multiple use of computer splits CPU time among number of user in a time sharing environment. So it is called time sharing. This system makes user an impression that the person is only the user of the computer even though many users are having access to the computer simultaneously.
IBM provided timesharing environment as optional feature on its MVS operating system
Single User; Single Process; As the name itself implies, this primitive type of operating environment allowed a single user to perform single task at a time. The best example for this kind of operating environment is a punched card in which only one task could have been done at one time. When once the task was done, the operator would start by clearing the memory from the previous job and set up the data for execution of the program next time. The result would be printed and again the operator would set up for the next job.
System Types
This describes the evolution of operating environment history from the beginning in sequence.
Following are the types of Operating environment and on its basis, system types are differentiated into:
· Single User; Single Process;
· Batch;
· Multi-Programming;
· Interactive
· Multi-access;
· Multi-access and batch
· Multi-tasking and Real Time
· Network and client/Server systems;
· Distributed Computer Systems;
· Multi-Processing;
